LO1: [6] Report

Report Unit 19 – Matthew Poole

Introduction

I have completed five analyses of audio media products including a podcast, radio talk show, audiobook, jingle and an ident. To categorize this analysis I divided the products into purpose, form, content, meaning, target audience, frequency and production process. The products I looked at were BBC radio 1’s Scott Mills Daily, Toby Foster at Breakfast, Isaac Asimov’s Youth Audiobook, an MTV commercial jingle and a Ident from BBC2.

The Purpose

The purpose of Scott Mills Daily podcasts is to entertain. This is shown by the description of the podcast on their website "A daily slice of Scott with more silly features crank calls and plenty of attempts to make you laugh". This backs up my statement by showing that it wants to make us laugh therefore its purpose is to entertain us. We also have an informative style of talk from the presenter that sounds like a conversation that you would have with a friend. This style re-enforces the purpose of having an entertaining podcast by relaxing the viewer having a podcast that feel like a real conversation. For example when they are talking about Manchester United they use local dialect like "leanin outta windoh" creating a connection to the audience.

This is different to that of an audio book that in the case of youth is to entertain and can also be informative based on your opinions/beliefs, unlike Scott Mills who uses purely comedy to entertain. The book is read to you (audio only), which means that this product is useful for those who are blind or illiterate who could be a target audience. We know its purpose because a fictional book is usually read for entertainment purposes and this book is science fiction. Which Scott Mills is entertainment through comedy using news and other pieces of non-fiction.

Similarly Toby Fosters radio show is also formal but not to the degree of an audio book but is not as relaxed as Scott Mills discussing more serious matters for example the recent issue of children disappearing. Despite the content the show is often to entertain in this case it offers on more a formal view and focuses more on opinions and the discussion of the topic in a more serious light. This is shown through the tone of voice that is not reading it light-heartedly and speakers in a flat voice and suitably for the content. The show informs us about the topic and can also be used to educate on some matter for example how competent the police really are.

Though elements are found in the previous examples none of them use purely music to entertain or inform like a jingle is. Jingles are to help the listener remember the product being advertised, as there is no imagery. In this case it is for Big John at Breakfast. This jingle will play during radio broadcasts and other products of Big John at Breakfast where they have no visuals.

The product is to instruct you to remember/ recall the sound and associate it with Big John at breakfast, we know this as it is the general purpose of all jingles. It is also shown through the fact that they brass instruments which are memorable and due to there acquired tastes which is exactly what Big John at Breakfast wants us to feel.

However Wired.co.uk's purpose is to inform. This is shown by the description of the podcast on their website "Listen this week for an entertaining 45-minute look at the most interesting technology and science stories from the last seven days. This backs up my statement by showing that it wants to inform therefore its purpose is to inform us, specifically about technology and science. We also have an informative style of talk from the presenter that sounds like a conversation that you would have with a friend. This style re-enforces the purpose of having an entertaining podcast by relaxing the viewer having a podcast that feel like a real conversation. For example Kate's reaction to Nate decolration which was "...ok" which is not a formal way of presenting.

Elementary podcast though is to inform is heavily focused on education. Specifically it is to teach English. We know this due to the opening line when the presenter says that the podcast is to help people speak English. We also know this because of how the presenter talks; he talks with a clear and concise voice speaking slowly and elegantly. This is so that those that struggle with listening to English have an easier time understanding the content.

On the other hand this is almost the completely other end of the target demographic as Red light’s purpose is to play electronic music. This means the podcast is for entertainment as it is a purely electronic music dedicated podcast that has music playing from start to beginning. We know that this is because of the music played it is modern electronic music and is also mentioned in the description that they are inspired by 90s music due to its vibrancy. 

Like elementary podcasts the guardians purpose is also to educate however this podcast is mainly theories and speculations as opposed to solid fact as the purpose of this podcast is to interview Philip Ball and talk about the science behind invisibility, which at this moment in time is not possible. Therefore this podcast is to educate people, or more inform since lots of the content of this podcast is theories not fact. 

Form & Style

The form of Scott Mills Daily is a podcast. This podcasts style fits the conventional podcast style being mostly talk and informative. However unlike some podcasts this one will play music over the top occasionally a feature that is more commonly found on live radio rather than pre-recorded podcasts.

This is like Toby Fosters Radio show. This fits a conventional radio type as it opens with electronic tones feeling very modern like pod casts do and also introduction from the presenters with the main one reading out today's subject. This is a suitable and heavy re-used style because of it suitability as it is quick and can flow smoothly into content. 

In comparison an audio book does not use music or visuals and instead entertains through telling a story this would be highly useful for those who are blind or illiterate. The style of the product is formal. However the tone of the person reading it sounds automated and is quite difficult to follow since it feels like he pauses in between each word and should sound more clear and concise the denotation of his voice connotes that the audience maybe hard of hearing, or slow to process information. The man who narrates has a deep voice and reads very slow. However he changes voice for when each characters says a line. Which he usually speaks in a higher tone of voice at this point and puts a sort of character voice depending on the dialogue for example when one character mimics the other he puts on a sort of childish voice, which is typically found between little children creating appropriate use of voice so that audience are delivered the correct message/interpretation connoting that there age is possibly under 10. (2.30). He also uses appropriate voices for lines like questions using an inquisitive tone (4.40).

This is the polar opposite to that of a jingle being all music and no dialogue being a short sound that is used to remind the viewer of a certain thing/product, played during transitions and radio broadcasts etc as there are no visuals. For example in Big John at Breakfast the style of the jingle is heavily jazz orientated with heavy use of trumpets and other brass instruments, that is enforced through the use of vocals being very upbeat sounding very happy fitting with the tone of the music. It also has a related lines saying big John at breakfast been short and memorable achieving its purpose to be recognisable by the audience and related to Big John at Breakfast. The style used is a informal tone enforced through happy and upbeat tones and lyrics been very friendly which conveys happy thoughts to the listener, this would make it more memorable since it is a happy thought. Which is related back to the purpose of the jingle to remind you of Big John at Breakfast.

This is very different in form and style to Wired.co.uk's podcast The form of product is a podcast. This podcasts style fits the conventional podcast style being mostly talk and informative. However unlike some podcasts this one will play music and other types of small jingles over the top occasionally, a feature that is more commonly found on live radio rather than pre-recorded podcasts. Though similar to Scott Mills.

Unlike an Ident this Elementary podcasts is a podcast being very formal and not as relaxing and aims to educate. The style of the podcast is very formal as shown through the presenter’s voice this is not meant for education purpose and more to inform and educate. This is also employed through how he speaks about and to his audience being very nice and treats them like elementary students this is suitable though given that they are listening to learn a language (something that is not easy)

This is the same in form as Redlight. The form of this audio product is a podcast. We know this because it is all pre-recorded content and edited together to be then posted on the Internet. The style of this podcast is very informal a jingle is played at the beginning and that is the only introduction to the podcast before the content starts playing music throughout.

Like the previous example this is also a podcast even though they heavily differ in style and purpose. The form of this product is a podcast. The style is conversational as the contents of the podcast is the conversation between two people discussing invisibility and is to inform the viewer therefore is quite formal and factual. 

Content & Meaning

The content of Scott Mills’ show follows recent news (for example this episode is about X-factor), interviews (for example in this episode it is Kevin McHale) and other form of communication to bring news in (Like Twitter and other social media). There is also involvement with social media to deliver first hand interaction with the host, all these are brought together to create comedy as its purpose is to entertain as it is very likely the information being told is already known by the audience.

Sound effects are used not used. Though there are electronic tracks that play in the background and also the opening theme uses electronic tones the denotation of electronic tones connotes modern, clubs, and other themes associate with modern members of society from 15 - 29. 

The music played is also very modern with tracks played like Ellie Goulding and other popular modern artists. This ties in with the statement keeping up with modern trends and also appealing directly to the audience by playing relevant music that the audience would know. He does play alot of music and audio clips but not in full, there mostly snip-its in between subject. 

As far as narrative it flows general like a conversation/ interview, as Kevin says "its weird catching up with you" which connotes the feel of regular conversation. The narrative has little structure like reading out various headlines/ pieces of news before talking in depth about an area.

Audio dubbing and wild tracks are not necessary with this is being recorded as it is recorded like a radio show with all the equipment set up like a Play Server so that it can be recorded once and not much editing required, it is also cheaper this way.

Scott delivers a friendly podcast which is prevalent through his calm tone of voice and that he does not shout of use inappropriate language. He engages with the listeners by talking about themes known to its target audience (ABC1) and also through social networking for further interaction. Depending on the listener Scott's actions may influence certain actions and thoughts due to the fact he uses his own opinions especially through comedy which depending on the mental state of the listener may influence them.

In comparison to Toby Fosters radio show which has a deeper tone and is less outgoing. The content discussed was issues to do with vulnerable children and issues with the police locally. The content was focused on their opinions and also informing the viewer with correct information using clips from actual news reports. 

Sound effects and music used was primarily in the opening introduction along with all the all the other music and effects that had modern connotations and other content style that are typically found throughout this medium 

Narrative went along the lines of an introduction to the cast followed by the announcement of the information regarding the subjects with snip-its from reports. It is then followed by our cast talking about the subject. Mainly Toby and him reading from reports to back up all of his points. 

The dialogue consisted of mainly talk about the subject but they would often get side-tracked with other subject for example a man spraying hair spray in his face. Which would ultimately lighten the mood, which is what the viewer would probably want at 7am. Toby uses minimal accents/dialect and is easy to understand not adding any particular connotations to his origin or stereotyping the audience. This is suitable as it widens the audience. 

Audio dubs/ wild tracks are not needed since this is all live. However audio from interviews that were used etc will be needed to be played during the recording so that it features when it goes live.

Toby himself does not seek to influence however the conversation is heavily open to their opinion on the subject that the viewer may disagree or agree with and may impact on their actions depending on the stability of the listener.

The show has connotations of friendliness that is shown through the presenters and their interaction with each other. "Tell us about your eye". This shows the relationship between the presenters and that there is no dominance over the presenters, giving a friendly tone overall which is reflect onto the listener. 

This also help to engage the viewer as if they were actual in discussion since the hierarchy is not really present and though not very informal it still feels like an actual conversation due to how they get side-tracked and general friendly talk.

However unlike an audio book there is less meaning to it and is what it says on the tin telling us the story of an Industrialists son called slim who and his encounter with two animals who turn out to be aliens. This delivers to its audience an appropriate telling of the story as the man who narrates despite talking in a automated tone adds life to the characters when needed by changing his tone of voice, which makes the story easier to follow and adds entertainment value to the story as the story is science fiction meaning that it is not for educational purposes or comedy etc. Entertainment is provided to the audience through the form this is because the story is read to you and you can sit back and relax and listen, rather than having to read the book and turn pages etc. As previously mentioned he changes voice to which could be seen in a comedic light but is not intended view adding entertainment to the product.

There is no use of sound effects used. This is because of the range of its target audience and sound effects may seem childish or general inappropriate to those of an older age.

Since this is a book the narrative plays out like a it would in any other book there is no content or features that have been added to change the original material. With the exclusion of the beginning of the book which reads the title, author and other detail. 

The dialogue may be incomprehensible to those who are under 13 due to complex words like "carefully and nonchalantly...". Which restrict its target audience.

Since there are no sound effects there is also no music. This is possibly so that the mood throughout the book is unchanged and offers the book in its original format.

There was no evidence of audio dubs or wild tracks. Though I doubt this recording was recorded perfectly the first time and would require editing in re-recorded segments.

Due to the form the product intends to engage you with the book, by relaxing you and making you listen and take in the content. This is done through the narrator’s tone of voice and is change in voice which helps set the mood and helps the listener imagine the story and its characters, world etc. Conveying to the viewer thoughts of relaxation and possible escapism. This would connote that the user is lifestyle is not all that happy and the product is used as a highlight to the user.

Though also delivering a simple and clearer message a jingle duration and effect is shorter playing a tune that is repeated over and over again for about 30 seconds with jazz tone. Like Big John at Breakfast the product contains heavy use of jazz type music containing a variety of brass sounding instruments which are high in pitch, it also sounds consistent throughout not changing much in sound.

This consistency delivers an addictive tune to the audience been quite simplistic at its core this is to embed the connotations of Big John at Breakfeast in the viewer so that they recognise and associate this tune with Big John at Breakfast since the tune is happy and the listener makes this connection.

The most noticeable sound effects is use of bells making jingle type sounds. This connotes a playful feel that will re-enforce these connotations of happiness to the audience.

In terms of a narrative the jingle is very loose and does not follow a predicable pattern but is consistent in its use of instruments but not with pitch which is a feature that is found in jazz music.

This jingle is has hints of dialogue this is to help create a catchier tune, lots of dialogue would only hinder this element. The dialogue used is sometimes just happy upbeat lyrics to the music but most commonly is related to the Big John at Breakfeast.

This jingle will all be pieces of wild tracks/audio dubs interlaced to create a final product. We know this as lots of the effects can be created by an object and are tones to represent something. For example the bells connotes a jingle but a jingle would not be that clear.

The product conveys has heavy connotations of themes like old fashioned music such as the 30s. Themes associated with older people, people who possibly lived around the that decade and would be part of the demographic and target audience who will resonate with tune (BC1C2DE) and will be able to remember with clearer. These themes are shown through use of old brass instruments.

This is the opposite of Wired.co.uk's Podcast which is very modern. The content of the show follow recent news about technology ans science (for example this episode is has discussion about Robots and social media). This brings together to comedy as well as information as a lot of their discussion is not serious and often get sidetracked talking about 'silly' things. 

Sound effects are used. Though there are electronic tracks that play during the opening theme and transitions between topics; these use electronic tones the denotation of electronic tones connotes modern, clubs, and other themes associate with modern members of society from 15 - 29. 

The music played is very modern with tracks played that would be associated with the genre dubstep. This makes the podcast appealing to a modern audience since dubstep is a fairly recent trend. This also appeals directly to the audience by playing relevant music that the audience would know. 

As far as narrative it flows general like a conversation/ interview, as Nate says "You seen then before" which connotes the feel of regular conversation. The narrative has structure like reading out various headlines/pieces/topic/news and others before talking in depth about an area.

Audio dubbing and wild tracks will be necessary since this is a podcast and can all be edited afterwards so all sounds effects will be inserted afterwards. 

Nate and Kate delivers a friendly podcast which is prevalent through his calm tone of voice and that he does not shout of use inappropriate language. He engages with the listeners by talking about themes known to its target audience. Depending on the listener Nate and Kate's words may influence certain actions and thoughts due to the fact he uses his own opinions especially through comedy which depending on the mental state of the listener may influence them.

This is heavily different to Elementary Podcast which content is mostly to educate. The audio product is to help people learn English containing an on running audio drama from 5.00 minutes onwards, using sound effects like animals etc. In this particular episode they are talking about animals having accents depending on their region comparing English pigs to foreign pigs. The people in this drama all have different accents and like the presenter speak in a clear and concise tone. During this audio drama we have the typical features like pauses to show scene transitions. 

There is also a question below the recording for you to answer whilst listening. Also after the audio drama snip it the presenter then creates questions for the listen to answer from that extract for example when he asks about the verbs used in the extract and when he explains continuous verbs using past, present, future tenses. There is also interaction in a comments section below the recording and also the promotion of using social media like Facebook to user to interact with. "let us know at..."

Sound effects are present in both the opening sequence and in the featured audio drama extract. The effect in the opening uses modern mild electronic tones and the audio drama effects like wind were the only ones heard, excluding the actors mimicking animals noises. This is because effects would not be suitable for this audience since this is an educational podcast,

The narrative for this episode follows a brief introduction and reading out a few comments from the viewers. He then proceeds to play the drama followed by asking some follow up questions before ending. This is a suitable narrative as it has plenty of content but is not overwhelming. 

The dialogue is kept simplistic this is so the listener has a better understanding of the content, which is also shown through the pace and tone of voice.

Since this is education music is not so relevant and is only featured in the opening which has connotations of modern times, but is not something heavy or direct to a particular audience so that this can be suitable for all.

Wild tracks/ audio dubs do not seem necessary in this case because of the style it is slow and little room for mistake. Though could be easily edited if needed. 

The meaning of this content is to educate, as said earlier this is evident through how he uses his voice and the language he uses and its clarity. The language and tone also gives him that feeling of authority like a teacher. "Listen out for the...” This is an instruction he is asking the audience to do this task giving him authority and power over the user.

Looking at the audio drama extract we can also see that the character portrayed are all multiple ethnicities and re-enforces the idea of equality within modern society and how we strive for multi-culture. This is shown through the accents; though they seem stereotypical this helps give a clearer understanding to the audience based on observations of other cultures. We also have the idea of innocence and youth portrayed through their action in terms of mimicry of animals that would be often impersonated by children. Though their age is not specified of clear the presumption is that they are around the age of a student in secondary school given that one of the character is talking about a date she has and poorly attempts to hide it, something that would not be shown by someone of a younger age, though based on the development of society and the extensive appeal to have maturity at a young age it is arguable that they could be younger or older.

 The content of this podcast is strictly music playing 2 tracks as the entirety of the podcast. However due to the frequency of it being updated you get roughly 4 or 5 tracks in a short space of time that are all electronic and long tracks. It delivers a simple product being raw playing just the music getting straight to the point which depending on the viewer may be a good or bad element.

This is the complete opposite to the content of Red light Since this is heavily music orientated the sound effects used are only heard in the opening which is all heavy electronic music to fit with the style of the podcast.

The narrative consists of an introduction and then two songs to be played. This is a simple and suitable narrative as it goes straight to the content having a sort introduction, which the audience are here for the music, so appeals to the audience.

The only dialogue outside the music is the introduction that is embedded into the music sounding like the song. This is suitable as this is a music podcast. The voice used sound like a DJ and uses a rapper like dialect that could be mimicry of relevant songs. 

Audio dubs and wild tracks are not needed at all as this requires minimal editing and there cant be many mistakes in recording an introduction that is used on all podcasts.

Based on the content it has heavy connotations of party music since it is inspired by 90s music it has elements that would be found within them however since this is modern and has dubstep themes throughout it connotes that it is more aimed to a teenage audience who are into electronica and dubstep therefore this has connotations of club and partying since this type of music is where its typically found. One of the songs says "are you a 90s baby".

Though heavily different to Red light The guardians podcast shares more similarities Elementary podcast as he content of the show is an interview of Philip Ball and the conversation between him and the interview about his new book and the science behind invisibility so therefore this is educational though as previously mentioned it is mostly speculation and theories. We know this as they talk about it in depth mentioning string theory and new scientific discoveries. This content deliverers information to the audience that is educational and helps educate and inform the public and as help them to develop their pre-existing ideas on the subject

The show being informative seeks to engage the listener through interesting ideas and theories about the subject for example when they are talking about the idea that invisibility is a myth created to show the limitations of the human body rather than an idea that was created to depict the future and the development of science; an idea shared with most people. This shows us the depth and complexity of the subject and how these ideas help to engage and educate the viewer. 

Sound effects and music are heard in the introduction that features upbeat instrumental music featuring use of piano, brass and after the Guardian intro we have techno backdrop with a bongo like beat. 

The narrative is conversational and flows in the direction of the chosen subject area. We start off with a simple introduction and then talk about the book that leads onto many topics to be discussed. This is suitable given that the podcast works like an interview and we are here to listen to this discussion rather than being interrupted by other content.

Wild tracks and audio should not be needed since there is no visual and the interview will be recorded in one segment so the quality should be consistent throughout. 

Genre

Scott Mills Daily’s genre of this podcast is talk, we know this because it is a show to entertain and inform through humour which would be conveyed through talk therefore is predominately talk due to the input of music and other content  (or possible drive time depending on the listeners circumstances).

This is similar to that of Toby Foster’s Breakfast show that is also talk. This is clear by the heavy use of talk and that the duration of the whole clip is 3 hours. Meaning that lots of the content is discussion. There is talk from the beginning onwards and is clear especially in this episode that their is lots of discussion.

This is different to Isaac Asimov’s audio book that is a science fiction book. This is clear by the use of extraterritorial life. Which means that the story is fictional, and aliens being a huge theme in science fiction throughout fictional literature and film. "They have all the worlds they wish" (39.00). Denotes that the aliens have multiple places to live and intrigues the viewer to question the alien’s thoughts. This is different because the previous examples are all non-fictional and are based on talk around real events.

This is completely different to that of Big John at Breakfast's Jingle which genre is Jazz we know this due to the types of sounds we can hear. We have a heavy use of brass instruments to the track and feeling that is specifically associated with the 30s due to the sound of the vocals recording quality. 

In comparison to Wired.co.uk's Podcast this different though it has more than the average use of music it is talk and not music based. The genre of this podcast is talk, we know this because it is a show to entertain and inform through humor which would be conveyed through talk therefore is predominately talk due to the input of music and other content  (or possible drive time depending on the listeners circumstances)

This is very different in comparison to Elementary Podcasts that’s genre is educational. This is shown by the content like questions for the listener to answer about an extract that would not be found on an entertainment podcast. We are also shown education through the presenter’s tone of voice and the character from the extract who all have connotations of innocence, simplicity and general peaceful tone and manors, the purpose of this is mentioned above. 

Though similar to MTV Red light’s podcast is music but is significantly more focused to dubstep and electronica than MTV’s jingle as it is a dedicated music podcast rather than a brief series of sound effects. We know this as all the content on the podcast is music. From the introduction jingle to the tracks played we have music throughout showing us that this is of the music genre. Specifically electronic music since that is the purpose to deliver electronic music and is dubstep/techno/electronica elements are delivered in the music and jingles. 

This is very different to that of Redlight as Guardian Science Weekly’s genre is educational we know this because the show is about science which is an educational subject. This particular one is an insight into invisibility theories, being informative and educational by style and conventions. Unlike Redlight which is purely dedicated to music.

Target Audience

Scott Mills Daily’s target audience is 15 - 29. This is due to the fact that its form is only downloadable so the user would have to be able to use a PC meaning its unlikely the user is under 12/13. They would also have to be able to keep up with current media and all the celebrity issues etc. This also means that is limits its target audience as some of the content would therefore not be suitable for those under 15, and would not be of interest to anyone over 29. Scott Mills is part of Radio 1, their reach is 53,502 with the average hours per head been 1.3 according to RAJAR.

The general portrayal of the targets audience is people that are C1C2. We know this through the age group and demographic that they are most likely to be working or students with respectable jobs, classing them as normal. We also have subjects like football and TV (X-factor in this case) that are also associate with normal people also the dialect does re-enforce with though not heavy with accents and use of dialect some is shown and helps to appeal to the intended audience. The connotations here are those northern listeners who generally have similar accents/dialect. 

This is very different to that of Toby Fosters breakfast show which target audience is those who are going to work given its starting at 7am. This means that the audience will most likely be driving and fit under the demographic of AB. Given the content is not suitable not interesting to a younger audience so the intended audience would be around 30+. This is also shown through the presenters themselves who are also quite old and will appeal more to an older generation.

Unlike the previous examples Asimov’s audio book target audiences is anyone interested in science fiction or specifically aliens/extra-terrestrial life. Or anyone interested in Isaac's books. Although when listening to the audio book the use of voice and tone has heavy connotations that this is directed towards and younger audience given how he reads in a calm manor and puts on child like voice. However due to the content that may build suspense and possible fear it is likely that the minimum age for this book is 13+. This is also due to the language used that may be to complex for someone younger and may confuse them. Another audience is the blind due because they cannot read books this provided a suitable alternative. Since this is a book by Isaac Asimov that target demographic is most likely to be AB those who are educated and hold respectable titles that are familiar with the authors work.

This is not like Big John at Breakfasts jingle which target audience is more specific. The target audience is any age but specifically older ones such as people in their 40s because they will be familiar with jazz and/or 30s music. However those younger can still be part of the audience, but the feeling implies 20+. Since this is around the student age it could be considered E in terms of demographic but I would also say they are B too people within creative sectors such as graphic designers will still show interest in this type of music and will possibly listen to jazz in their spare time.

This is on the other hand targets the other half of the generation been for 13 - 25s. This is due to the fact that its form is only downloadable so the user would have to be able to use a PC meaning its unlikely the user is under 12. They would also have to be able to keep up with current media and all technology and science. This also means that is limits its target audience as some of the content would therefore not be suitable for those under 13, and would not be of interest to anyone over 25. The general portrayal of the targets audience is those who are interested in computers and Science. We know this through the age group and demographic that they are most likely to be working or students or have respectable jobs, in terms of demographics this is ABC1C2. They also do not have strong accents/dialects and possibly originate from London. The connotations here are those southern listeners who generally have similar accents/dialect. 

In comparison to the other products Elementary Podcasts  is the most specific in terms of target audience which is those who want to learn English, therefore lots of its audience are those who are foreign to Britain or are not of British origin. For example when the presenter talks about the messages he has received he states that they are from places like Italy and Pakistan. These people are mostly students or those under 20. This is because this to the most common period for people to learn languages. So they are most likely 13 - 20, and in terms of demographics DE. The viewer lifestyle is probably of those who are in education so may be have access to suitable hardware/software and will have vague skills in general IT so that they can access this podcast. They are most likely living with family members too.

Unlike Elementary Podcast Red light is broader since this is an electronic podcast having content aimed at people who are into that type of music being typically that of teenagers and young adults. As said earlier has heavy connotations of partying and that is where this music is mostly likely found meaning that this music is created for people who like to go to parties, gigs etc. Having a target audience of around BC1DE. Who lead simple lives and like to play Rinse FM out of their computer in their spare time.

In terms of target audience Guardian Science Weekly is aimed at the other end of the demographic being people who are regular readers of the Guardian or those who like science or more specifically theories on invisibility. The target audience is also anyone who likes Philip Ball. The demographic is most likely AB. 

Frequency

The frequency of Scott Mills Daily is in fact daily which means that it is updated every two days (sometime every day). This means that its following must have dedication to the podcast to tune in regularly. This also means for those with this dedication that they do not have to wait and can listen when they like. This also helps with the intended audience for example if a listener is 16/17 they could come home after school and catch up every day helping to create a dedicated audience. 

This is less frequent than Toby Fosters Breakfast show that is updated every 3 days. This appeals to the consumers’ needs, as the frequency is enough to keep a range of listeners dedicated to listening regularly. However this is mainly due to the length of the show that is 3 hours as opposed to Scott Mills that is under an hour.

However an audio is only updated the once this means the book is only released the once as it is a stand-alone product and not a series. However the book is unlicensed and could be re-created by anyone if they desired and released at any point (as long as it isn't licensed). 

Unlike an audio book a jingle is updated, but since this is not like a radio program this is not updated daily. Jingles are updated roughly every year or so depending on the circumstances, whether its suitable for at the time whether there is something better, a new house style/theme etc.

This frequency allows the viewer to know the jingle of a period of time and become familiar with it and recognize it. Even when it is changed if it sounds similar to the previous product then the viewer will still find that connection and make the association.

In terms of frequency Wired.co.uk's podcast is updated weekly. Which means that its following must have dedication to the podcast to tune in regularly. This also means for those with this dedication that they do not have to wait and can listen when they like. This also helps with the intended audience for example if a listener is 16/17 they could come home after school and catch up everyday helping to create a dedicated audience. 

The frequency to Elementary Podcasts is not specified however it seems that these are all episodes are released daily till the end of a season then take about a month’s break before starting a new one each season lasting roughly 20 episodes at around 10 minutes each. This frequency though short is regularly updated for the viewer to do a week’s worth of work and then to come back and listen at their leisure and become updated with the presenters/community etc allowing the viewer to control their learning. Similar to that of a podcast or radio show.

This is not as dedicated as Rinse FM as they upload new content every day. Redlight has new content every 3 days after the previous show as uploaded two or more pieces of content. This frequency allows the user to have small delivery of content. That most likely is listened to weekly.

This is different to that of The Guardian Podcasts that are updated weekly like other podcasts we know this as it is a weekly podcast as in the description of the show. This is a suitable frequency as it allows a period of time where a large range of the audience can keep up with the release of the show. 

Production Process

Scott Mills Daily is pre-recorded meaning that it can be edited after recording. Regardless it will still be recorded like a radio show meaning that they will play the music live using all the different equipment a radio show uses like a Play server we know this when Scott attempts to sing in sync with an Ollie Murs song. It can be streamed or downloaded and then edited in a non-linear editing package for example Cubase or Adobe Audition. All content pre-recorded, production and post production will be checked by the producers against OFCOM regulations to make sure the content is suitable for air by looking for profane language and adult content etc. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.

This is unlike Toby Foster that is all done Live with equipment like Play servers and mixers are all present when recording leaving a lot of work for the presenters to do. The product is only available to listen to live and also 7 days after release on its website. However all editing that would have being done would be edited in non-linear editing software like Cubase or Adobe Audition. Toby Foster will have a running order on him to make sure that he covers all needed content and tell him what to say and what no to against OFCOM regulations whilst live. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.

An audio book’s production is not as intense as it involves the narrator speaking into a microphone whilst reading out of the book. This will be in a sound proof room where the narrator is not disturbed. There might also be directors and other editors over viewing the process to make sure everything is going smoothly. The narrator will also take breaks so he is not continually talking for 30+ minutes. This means that he will stop at suitable points like at the end of chapters. After this all the tracks will be edited and put together using non-linear audio editing software like Cubase. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations. This would differ from other products as there is not much content or people needed in the production and the staff would be smaller.

Jingles are similar to an audio book but requires more editing which will be created using non-linear audio editing software using various programs that allows them to create a tune (which will be recorded using instruments in a sound booth) and then edited by looping the track and adding various instruments which after editing will result in the final jingle using non-linear editing software like Adobe Audition. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.

Wired.co.uk's podcast will be creates like a radio show using play servers, microphones and other equipment recorded Live but will then be edited afterwards using non-linear audio software. Which will then be edited and slice and diced to suit the visuals that will be created using software like adobe after effects. These will all be then edited together and synchronizes to produce the final product. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.

Elementary Podcasts are similar to an Ident but requires no visual input, but like an Ident all content is pre-recorded and then edited using non-linear editing software postproduction of the recording. Sound effects used in the extract will be recorded during the voice recording and will be scripted and acted out using simple methods and cheap solutions, so that this is not an issue during the final editing stages of production though editing would be done in non-linear editing software like Adobe Audition or Cubase. It can be streamed or downloaded. All content pre-recorded, production and postproduction will be checked against OFCOM regulations to make sure the content is suitable for air by looking for profane language and adult content etc. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations. This would differ from other products as this is aimed at a niche audience so there would be less staff.

In comparison however the production process is very simple for Red light as all of the content is pre-produced being recorded in non-linear editing software (like Adobe Audition or Cubase) and then will be heavily edited as it is remixed. This content is available on Rinse FM where it can be streamed or downloaded. All content pre-recorded, production and postproduction will be checked against OFCOM regulations to make sure the content is suitable for air by looking for profane language and adult content etc. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and others would also be taken into account as well as copyright. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.

This is also similar to the guardian’s podcast production process, having content that is not needed to be edited as in depth, however has features like sound effects that requires more editing. The podcast will be a recording with a simple microphone in a studio that is then transferred into non-linear editing software and checked for errors and added sound effects, jingles etc can be added this would be done in non-linear editing software like Adobe Audition. It can be downloaded or streamed. All content pre-recorded, production and postproduction will be checked against OFCOM regulations to make sure the content is suitable for air by looking for profane language and adult content etc. During the production process a meeting would have been held by the creators to check the content for the audio product to make sure there is no profanity, racism, sexism or anything else that is offensive or inappropriate. There would also be checks for ethical issues and budget, scripting and other planning elements such as running orders, interviews and other material that will feature within the program. Also copyright issues would be addressed. Staff members such as presenters and producers would also attend these meetings so that all staff would be notified of any changes or issues. This would all be checked against OFCOM regulations.